| The LUMO of benzyl carbocation is where the postive charge "is"; it has contributions from the ortho and para positions just as shown by drawing resonance structures. |
The SOMO is the singly occupied molecular orbital; the one where the odd electron is; you can see the ortho and para atom contributions just as for the carbocation. |
This is the LUMO of the carbocation intermediate in the electrophilic substitution of benzene by chlorine; note the charge distributed ortho and para to the site of attack. The attacking Cl is the orange sphere at the top.
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| This is the LUMO of the carbocation formed when methoxybenzene is chlorinated para to the OCH3. Note the distribution of the positive charge to the methoxy oxygen. |
This is the LUMO for the cation from meta- attack on methoxybenzene. Notice that the methoxy group does not contribute to this orbital! |
The LUMO of the triphenylmethyl (trityl) carbocation shows the positive charge distributed to all three sets of ortho and para positions. |